Archive for the ‘Gasifier Stove’ Category
Samsung Chemical Important To Build Coal Chemical Industry Base In Northern
Accelerate the implementation of the “586″ project to build coal chemical industry base in Northern important – Interview with assistant general manager of Henan Coal Chemical Group, Anhui, Chairman Jia Xiuqi Samsung Chemical Co., Ltd.
Premier Wen Jiabao in this year’s “two sessions” on the government work report: 6 years in a row, after increasing production, but to spare no effort in grasping the “three rural” work, persist in resolving the “three rural” issue as the entire work a top priority.
Premier Wen Jiabao in his report also noted: “Eleventh Five-Year,” the first four years, our energy reduction and environmental protection, solid progress, total energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38%, chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions dropped 9.66 percent and 13.14 percent. This year is to continue to address the international financial crisis and maintain steady and rapid economic development, accelerate the transformation of a crucial year for economic development approach is the implementation of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” goals for “12 5″ lay the foundation for the development of an important year . Emphasized the need to spend wisely, playing tough fight and protracted energy saving.
Samsung Chemical Co., Ltd. in Anhui is an important agricultural enterprise in Northern region. On how to implement the national “Two Sessions”? How to Service “Agriculture” as the enterprise all the most important task, to seize a rare historical opportunity for development, speed up the implementation of the “586″ project, and vigorously promote the readjustment of product mix, continued implementation of energy saving and technological transformation, to create Northern important issues such as coal chemical industry base, has made a special trip reporter interviewed assistant general manager of Henan Coal Chemical Group, Anhui Samsung Chemical Co., Ltd. Chairman Jia Xiuqi.
Reporter: Could you briefly tell us about the “Samsung Chemical” development process and the basic situation?
Jia Xiuqi: “Samsung Chemical” is the successor in 1970 to start construction in 1974 officially put into operation in Anhui? Song Sing coarse hand drum used by peddlers? Fertilizer plant. After nearly 40 years of development, more than 1,200 employees, including 400 technicians. Ammonia production capacity is 280,000 tons alcohol / year of urea 300,000 tons / year of methanol 100 thousand tons / year, melamine-2000 tons / year capacity of 36,000 kilowatts generator, scope cross-fertilizer, fine chemicals, machinery, plastics processing and power generation industries, chemical manufacturers in China 50 companies. Has won “six good chemical enterprise”, “national energy company”, “second-class enterprise” and “Excellent Enterprise of Anhui Province” and the honorary title, was awarded the provincial government and the chemical part of the other “advanced group of Anhui Province”, ” clean and civilized factory “title. Has passed ISO9001 international quality management system certification, management system certification and AAA quality, environment, occupational health and safety of the “three standard one” certification. “Samsung” brand of urea, methanol industry is the “famous brand in Anhui Province.” “Samsung” brand long-acting slow-release urea fertilizer industry by China’s 60 most influential products in the title. “Samsung” brand urea, BB fertilizer and other products covered in Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian and Shanghai, a dozen provinces and municipalities. As of the end of 2009, total assets of 6.41 billion yuan, up 11.9% in late 2008. 2009 revenues actually completed 731 million yuan, up by 15.45%. Since the introduction of advanced management concepts, the implementation of standardized, scientific management system and market-orientation and other means, in December 2009, it has been profitable for three consecutive months.
Over the years, “Samsung’s chemical” has been a number of restructuring and reorganization. Since November 2008, “Samsung Chemical” as Henan Coal Chemical Group The wholly-owned subsidiary of coal shares after the strong Yongmei Group relies on capital, technology, human resources, management strengths, the implementation of a comprehensive inheritance and Yongmei Group initiated by the ” scientific development, and good deeds synthesizers. one enterprise one, homeopathy and the line “business philosophy;” Work hard, pursue excellence “core values;” serve the country the benefit of employees “of the enterprise mission;” move faster, continuous innovation “corporate style” eight-core “concept, in accordance with the” fat-based fat-based combination of coal-based, energy-saving priority, focus on environmental protection, scientific development, “the guiding ideology for the continuous development of new products and large-scale The energy saving technological transformation, so that enterprises entered the sound development.
Reporter: As the agriculture-related businesses, and is located in Anhui, Jiangsu and Henan at the junction of the Northern region, “Samsung Chemical” in service “three rural” They have made that work?
Jiaxiu Qi: The State Council always attach great importance “San Nong” issue has to be firmly established to solve the “three rural” issue as the whole party and the government all the most important task of strategic thinking, and gradually introduced a series of supporting policies. This is the development of our agriculture-related enterprises to create a favorable external environment.
Over the years, “Samsung Chemical” always put service “three rural” as a responsibility, “to the security of agriculture, green agriculture, services, farmers, to facilitate the farmers” as the theme, and constantly develop new products for farmers and scientific application, science enrichment to provide a more intimate good service. “Samsung Chemical” technical staff through the use of fertilizer to farmers on soil investigation and testing showed that the effective utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer farmers only 30% of the effective utilization of fertilizer is low, is not only a huge waste of resources, but also limit crop The output, also brought environmental problems.
To do this, “Samsung Chemical” joint research with the China Agricultural University, research with great concentration by the technical staff, in May 2009 new products developed long-lasting alternative to common slow release urea fertilizer. Advent of long-acting slow-release urea, a nitrogenous fertilizer industry is no doubt set off a revolution. This product has brought tangible benefits to farmers, yield is very clear, with slow-release urea fertilizer efficiency can be increased more than 20%, fertilizer period from 30 days to 50 days, increased to 110-120 days or more; increase crop production, and can be increased by 15% -20%, vegetables increased by 30% -50% can be realized to increase crop quality and increase their revenue. The advent of the product, but also to fill the gaps in slow-release urea in Northern Anhui. October 2009, at the China Technology Market Association, the annual Chinese fertilizer industry experts, network and other units of fertilizer in China jointly held to celebrate 60 years of China Fertilizer Industry Conference and Awards ceremony, Samsung, chemical production, “Samsung” brand long-term controlled release urea fertilizer industry in China was named most influential 60-year product and by the award.
With the recent adjustment of agricultural planting structure, high yield cultivation of the high input fertilizer, the soil nutrient variability in the region increased. To better understand the soil nutrients, scientific application, serving farmers and increase their income, “Samsung Chemical” the technical staff of the surrounding areas of soil types and nutrient content were measured, they recognized that the soil structure of different fertilizer NPK demand is also different. “Samsung Chemical” through painstaking research, efforts to resolve the technical difficulties, the successful production of crops for different regions, different soil conditions to produce a formulation science, quality and efficiency, industry-leading innovative products mixing fertilizer. March 17 this year, the annual production capacity of 30,000 tons BB fertilizer production line put into operation. The product is rich in nutrients, fertilizer durable, specially formulated nutrients is complete, the ratio is reasonable, stable quality, improve soil, improve quality and increase yield significantly, to meet the growth of different crop nutrient needs, widely used in wheat, corn, cotton, soybeans, peanuts, vegetables and fruit trees. In addition, according to soil conditions and crops need to add the right amount of Trace Elements, to provide available nutrients for plants to increase fertilizer use efficiency has played a multi-element combined effects of nutrient output. Become farmers scientific application, increasing production and income of the good assistant.
Over the years, “Samsung Chemical”, as the quality is the lifeline, and always adhere to the “quality first” approach to quality as a major, events task, monitoring the implementation of the entire production process, determined to achieve “four do not “and” five non-factory “in strict accordance with” quality management system “,” measurement management system “operational requirements, the implementation of closed-loop management to ensure products superior product rate of 80% or more, a product rate of 100%; the company through technological innovation, efforts to reduce production costs to prices to help farmers, ensuring that farmers get high quality, efficient, cheap and good products at ease.
To enable farmers to achieve scientific farming, scientific fertilization. “Samsung Chemical Industry” to “security agriculture, green agriculture, services, farmers, to facilitate the farmers,” for the purpose of carrying out year round, “to send science and technology, to send fertilizer, delivery service,” the three series of activities to rural areas, organization of agricultural experts and technicians to go to the rural grass-roots, in the fields directly to the peasants, a friend brought scientific knowledge to farmers to promote color pages, explain the promotion of new products, to provide reasonable fertilization recommendations to guide farmers to improve fertilization, told farmers to purchase rest assured that the Samsung brand of fertilizer, to carry out a balanced fertilizer, reducing purchased fertilizer costs, farmers bought fertilizer really make good use of fertilizer, access to high yield. Last year, the city in support of the people of Henan forever spring drought, “Samsung’s chemical” also donations, high-quality urea 677.75 tons, fulfilling corporate social responsibility, has won a good reputation.
Reporter: “Samsung Chemical” in the implementation of energy saving technological transformation of the work done that? How effective?
Jia Xiuqi: chemical industry is energy-hungry, is the focus of energy conservation. Response to global warming, has a bounden duty. Premier Wen Jiabao stressed the need to spend wisely, and win the campaign of energy saving and protracted war, much to our touch, but also strengthened our confidence and determination.
As a 40-year-old company, “Samsung Chemical” and some equipment obsolete, coal, electricity, water and other high energy consumption; desalination water plant far from meeting the production requirements, resulting in higher product costs of production become seriously restricted the development bottleneck.
In recent years, “Samsung Chemical” From the system of management, it has developed the “Energy Management Regulations”, “energy saving and energy saving management systems assessment methods,” and introduced “the risk of mortgage energy saving system” master energy reduction scheduling of work into the work of day to day management will be energy-saving emission reduction targets into performance appraisal of all units of the contents of the monthly cash examination results, the emission reduction targets on energy efficiency requirements have not completed the unit, firmly implement the “one-vote veto.”
Production of raw materials as fertilizer – Lump, accounting for 75% of production costs. Past raw coal, are from a number of coal mines in Shanxi and other places procurement, coal mixed, high levels of coal, often causing scarring stove, furnace pull in a bad section, gas evolution are below standard, tons of ammonia coal consumption is as high as 1380 kg high!
“Samsung Chemical” Yongmei Group became a wholly owned subsidiary, the company take a decision: try burning the coal quality and stability of permanent small seed coal mine! Department and gas company branch managers with research, and constantly adjusting the ratio of raw coal mines, gas process optimization, through to research, to solve the burning of coal in the process of small seed problems, plummeting consumption: 1430 kg 1200 kg, 1100 kg, in January 2010 fell to 1,098 kg, into the national advanced level! Such a low consumption of raw materials a year, saving more than 40,000 tons of coal, reducing the cost of 4,000 million.
Not only that, “Samsung Chemical” technical staff have worked hard, developed from a coal crushing, pulping, retting to molding, a kiln and other sets of coal processing technology, to produce about 200 tonnes per day coal to re-use for two ? 2800 ?? materials gasifier system of normal air, annual savings of more than 36,000 tons of coal a small seed, opened up a new energy-efficient way.
At the same time, “Samsung Chemical” stick to the road of innovation technology, the establishment of R
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Coal Gasification and the Gasification of Biomass
It offers the most versatile and cleanest way to convert coal into electricity, hydrogen, and other energy forms. Furthermore, the first coal gasification electric power plants are now operating commercially in the United States and in other countries.
New gasification power stations are, for example, planned for the United Kingdom and many experts predict that coal gasification will be the core technology of the future generations of clean coal technology plants for several decades to come.
US experts have recently confirmed that far from the idea of carbon capture and storage being unproven, there are many examples in nature of carbon storage, and that carbon from the atmosphere is already effectively stored in huge quantities underground across the globe, completely naturally.
Carbon capture and storage (known as CSS) will therefore work for man as it already has done in nature, and the gasification process is the one to use when power stations also need to capture carbon. The reason for this assertion is it lends itself to the reactions needed to remove the carbon dioxide from the combustion gases before they are emitted via the chimney or flue.
Now lets take a step back to consider how gasification has been used in the past. Coal based “gas works” in huge numbers around the world produced manufactured ?town? gas from the early nineteenth century through the mid-twentieth century. In fact it preceded the natural gas which has since the 1960s replaced town gas in our gas grid distribution systems. Coal gasification was used in the 1700′s in England, France and Germany for street lanterns. During World War I small gasifiers were even developed to operate vehicles, boats, trains and electric generators.
So, the commercial utilization of manufactured coal gas pre-dated that of natural gas due to the comparative ease of producing coal gas.
Coal gasification still has economic potential with high oil prices in mind, however, there are some drawbacks. There are a number of technical challenges to the power engineers in making the process work reliably, and in particular slagging must be dealt with to prevent the bed of coal from fusing.
These problems are now being overcome the US and international conglomerate GE has been saying for some years that it has the technology tamed, and in Europe the public funding of some flagship IGCC plants has enabled the technology to advance to maturity. The result is that most believe that coal will most likely be the principal source of syngas in the short-term future.
However, before, you say, what about the possible polluting and greenhouse gas producing effects of this? Let me stress that the sulfur, metals and other impurities in coal which have been causing pollution, and the solid residues from the gasification process which were often toxic, are now removed from the gases before they are discharged. Former gasworks sites are often contaminated with hazardous wastes, but this will certainly not be the case for the new plants.
Coal gasification involves the combustion of some of the carbon in the coal to produce the heat that makes the process work. By-products of this carbon combustion which will now be collected greenly are carbon dioxide, ash, and sulfur, all of which in their uncontaminated modern forms will have a market value and may be separated for sale. Meanwhile the provision of CSS (which I would rather not call ?carbon sequestration” although many call it that) will avoid these coal burning systems contributing to global warming.
Once the technology of gasification becomes mature it will then be possible to take the whole thing one stage further to use gasification to produce energy from renewable carbon fuels which are continuously regrown, known a biomass
Biomass gasification extends the idea very well demonstrated in gasifying wood stoves. Indeed, there are a number of products now on the market using a huge range of available fuels, not just wood. In its current state the use of biomass, is open-source and grassroots, but it is fat becoming a mainstream power generating source.
Look out for biomass energy plants over the next few years. These are the renewable energy future for society, rather than coal which will eventually be used up in any event, even if there were no problems of climate change.Biomass Gasification and Syngas
The units heat these fuels with about one-third of the oxygen necessary for complete combustion to produce a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, known as syngas. Biomass energy accounts for about 11% of the global primary energy supply, and it is estimated that about 2 billion people worldwide depend on biomass for their energy needs.
Wood gasification seems to be catching on as a viable technology for avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions. It has many great uses. Some years ago wood gas was seen as cheaper by all means, but charcoal gasifiers had the edge were so much easier to handle. There are many gasifiers that produce gas from wood and then burn the gas, leaving ash and charcoal.
Wood chips can be fed into gasification plant gasifiers and the gas produced is used to light the furnace in the chamber. Woody biomass plants can show economics which are very local and can provide a secure return on investment in many circumstances. Technologies range from boilers, to gasifiers, to pyrolyzers, to just plain wood stoves. Wood gas can be used to power cars with ordinary internal combustion engines if a wood gasifier is attached. This was quite popular during World War II in several European countries because the armies active in the war did not always have access to oil.
Performance parameters such as air factor, feeding point position and bed height are determined by running trials and looking for a maximum gasifier efficiency and gas heating value and a minimum tar content in the gas. Other parameters which can be optimized by using CSFB software are the pressure drop, the bubble diameter and the gas velocities in the bed
Syngas, produced in gasification process palnts, can be used as a fuel to generate electricity or steam, or as a basic chemical building block for a multitude of uses. When mixed with air, syngas can be used in gasoline or diesel engines with few modifications to the engine.
Syngas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and it can be converted into fuels such as hydrogen, natural gas or ethanol. Syngas (which leaves the converter at a temperature of around 2,200 degrees Fahrenheit) is fed into a cooling system which generates steam. Syngas can be used as a fuel to generate electricity and steam or as a chemical building block for the petrochemical and refining industries. The gasification process converts feedstock such as coal, crude oil, petroleum-based materials or gases into marketable fuels and products.
Models range in size from 5-kW units for home use to 15-kW machines, enough to power a small business. The company is currently demonstrating six gasifiers in off-grid field applications. Modeling results are compared with the experimental results published in the literature. Predicted effects of bed temperature, equivalence ratio and fuel moisture content on main gaseous composition, tar and NH3 emissions generally agree with the literature data.
Syngas can be used as a fuel to generate electricity or steam, or as a basic chemical building block for a multitude of uses. When mixed with air, syngas can be used in gasoline or diesel engines with few modifications to the engine. Syngas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and it can be converted into fuels such as hydrogen, natural gas or ethanol. Syngas (which leaves the converter at a temperature of around 2,200 degrees Fahrenheit) is fed into a cooling system which generates steam. Syngas can be used as a fuel to generate electricity and steam or as a chemical building block for the petrochemical and refining industries.
The gasification process converts feedstock such as coal, crude oil, petroleum-based materials or gases into marketable fuels and products.Gasification Of Wood And The Future In General For Biomass Gasification
Gasification is a process for burning wood where the gases from the wood are burned at very high temperatures, and although it was used extensively 50 to 100 years ago, since the advent of cheap oil in the late 1950s and 1960s it has been largely ignored.
Gasification works both at a very simple level in wood stoves and in huge gen stations feed megawatts of power into national electricity grids. For some time the big generators like GE have recognised this and have been developing the highly technologically sophisticated Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Generator, since multi-millions of dollars into the idea.
However, until very recently society had forgotten the fact that gasification can also be sued at the domestic stove level and bring big efficieny and smoke emissions reduction benefits at the same time.
In a simple wood gasifier ingenious design (or a small electric fan in many designs) causes a downdraft which produces extreme heat up to 2000 degrees igniting all gases including smoke and creosote therefore giving almost 100% efficiency. The gasification effect works by way of the downdraft that sucks wood gas from the firebox in the top chamber down into a bottom chamber where superheated combustion occurs.
Biomass gasification extend the idea from wood stoves, where there are a number of products now on the market inot using a huge range of available fuels, not just wood. In its current state the use of biomass, is open-source and grassroots. Many people are cobbling together gasifiers and they are normal Joe?s and Jane?s. What you or I would call backyard tinkerers! But, we should all be grateful to them because this technology needs wrestling away from the boffins and the multi-millions dollar corporations. It is just too important for the health of the planet that at all levels society uses the renewable energy freely availabe to us, to its fullest.
Biomass gasification projects could be of interest under the CDM (Carbon Discharge Management ? or carbon Credits within the scheme dreamt up at the Kyoto summit years ago) because the renewable biomass energy used directly displaces greenhouse gas emissions while contributing to sustainable rural development.
However, amazingly until recently there was only one biomass gasifier project registered under the CDM as yet, among thousands of other schemes.
Biomass gasification is a renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly energy alternative to using carbonaceous fuels like oil and coal or natural gas. Biomass energy has evolved since its first applications, but in general the sad fact is that until now it has not been possible to reach a solid commercial stage, except during periods of crises and only for some specific applications.
Meanwhile, other gasification technologies, fed by fossil fuels, have received big invetsment and are currently widely used on industrial scales, for example in refineries enabling poor quality and even waste oils which traditional refineries have no use for to be utilized.
Biomass gasification certainly works, and it worked 20 years ago. It is just been seen as a capital-intensive process that has the problem of competing against lower cost (but unsustainable) gasification options, and too complex to be used in the small scale.
Now at least the back garage tinkerers have gasifiers under development which will with their inspired skills and ability to innovate, have every prospect of rescuing this technology from the boffins by producing small cheap and amazingly efficient boilers using all sorts of fuels at present unused and wasted.
For my money I say three cheers for these guys and girls not afraid to get their hands dirty, roll up their sleeves and make so much more than any stove which can make tea!